Tuesday, February 12, 2013

Relational Database Theory


According to Wikipedia, A relational database is a collection of data items organized as a set of formally described tables from which data can be accessed easily. The software used in a relational database is called a relational database management system (RDBMS). A relational database is the predominant choice in storing data, over other models like the hierarchical database model or the network model. It consists of n number tables and each table has its own primary key. The standard user and application program interface to a relational database is the structured query language (SQL). SQL statements are used both for interactive queries for information from a relational database and for gathering data for reports.
The relational database was first defined in June 1970 by Edgar Codd, of IBM's San Jose Research Laboratory.  Codd called his paper, “A Relational Model of Data for Large Shared Data Banks.”  What Codd did was open the door to a new world of data independence. Users wouldn’t have to be specialists, nor would they need to know where the information was or how the computer retrieved it. They could now concentrate more on their businesses and less on their computers.
The example posted by Gabrielle Carpenter is a good way to understand relational database. A relational database allows you to easily find specific information. It also allows you to sort based on any field and generate reports that contain only certain fields from each record. Relational databases use tables to store information. The standard fields and records are represented as columns (fields) and rows (records) in a table. I think the major reasons for the success of the relational model were the high degree of logical independence and it allows a natural and expressive representation based on tables. Today, the ease and flexibility of relational databases have made them the predominant choice for financial records, manufacturing and logistical information, and personnel data. Most routine data transactions—accessing bank accounts, using credit cards, trading stocks, making travel reservations, buying things online—all use structures based on relational database theory.

Hugh Darwen: An introduction to relational database theory
"What Are Relational Databases?" HowStuffWorks. http://computer.howstuffworks.com/question599.htm

No comments:

Post a Comment